介词的分类和常用介词区别复习知识点
2023-02-02 14:06:47
介词的分类和常用介词区别复习知识点
介词的分类
按照介词的构成分
简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without
短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to
双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between
分词转化成的介词 considering(就而论), including
形容词转化成的介词 like, unlike, near, next, opposite
常用介词区别
时间介词
at表示片刻的时间， 侧重于某一具体的时间。
at noon, at that time, at Christmas,
in 表示一段的时间。in 1998, in summer, in the future,
on总是跟日子有关,常指具体的某一天或星期几。
on Monday, on Christmas morning
for “长达”，后跟一段时间表示时间的延续,常用于完成时态中。
You can keep the book for 3 days.
这本书你可以保留3天。
by表示“到…为止;在…期间”，常与完成时连用。
By the time I got up, he had already left. 当我起床时，他已经离开了。
地点和位置移动的介词
above侧重于相对于水平高度的斜上方，不与物体接触，反义词为below; 也可指温度，海拔等的高度。
We flew above the clounds.
我们飞越云层。
Look in the cupboard below the sink.
到洗碗池下面的柜子里找一找.
1. September 30 is the day which you must pay your bill.
A.by B.for C.with D.in
2. the school,the village has a clinic,which was also built with government support.
A.In reply to B.In addition to C.In charge of D.In place of
3. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay .
A.in place B.in order C.in shape D.in fashion
4. While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything .
A.in return B.in common C.in turn D.in place
5. The Scottish girl blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.
A.by B.of C.in D.with
1.A 【解析】考查定语从句中介词的用法。句意:在9月30日之前,你必须支付账单。原句可变为:You must pay your bill September 30。by可以用来表示“不迟于……;在……之前”,符合题意。
2.B 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:除了这所学校外,这个村庄还有一个诊所,也是在政府的支持下建立的。in addition to “除了”;in reply to “回复”; in charge of “主管,负责”;in place of “代替”。
3.C 【解析】考查介词短语。句意:汤姆早上总是去慢跑,通常也做俯卧撑以保持体形。in place“适当”;in order“井然有序”;in shape“保持体形”,in fashion“流行”。根据句意可知C项正确。
4.A 【解析】考查短语辨析。in return“作为回报,作为回应”;in common“有共同之处”;in turn“轮流,依次,反过来”;in place“井然有序”。句意:待在村里时,詹姆斯无私地同村民们分享他拥有的一切,不求任何回报,故选A项。
5.D 【解析】考查介词。句意:那个长着蓝色眼睛的苏格兰女孩在第五届汉语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。介宾短语在句中作定语,with意为“长着,拿着,带着,穿着……”。
